Gingivitis is a gum inflammation, often known as gingiva. It usually happens when a layer of plaque, or germs, develops on the teeth. Gingivitis is a non-destructive kind of periodontal disease, although it can progress to periodontitis if left untreated, and this is more severe and can eventually result in tooth loss. Gingivitis is a form of periodontal disease that is rather prevalent.
Gingivitis symptoms include red or purple, swollen gums that bleed readily when the person washes their teeth.
Gingivitis is generally reversible with proper dental hygiene, such as brushing for longer periods and flossing more often. An antibacterial mouthwash may also be beneficial.
Because the symptoms of gingivitis are so subtle, individuals may not even realize they have it. However, the problem should be treated seriously and handled as soon as possible.
Types Of Gingival Disease
Gingival diseases are classified into two types:
Dental plaque gingival disease: This can be caused by plaque, systemic factors, medicines, or malnourishment.
Non-plaque gingival diseases: These are gingival lesions produced by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. It might also be caused by hereditary reasons, systemic disorders (including allergic responses and certain illnesses), wounds, or reactions to foreign things, such as dentures. Sometimes there is no apparent cause.
Causes
The buildup of bacterial plaque around teeth is the most prevalent cause of gingivitis. Plaque causes an immunological reaction, which might eventually result in the loss of gingival or gum tissue. It may potentially lead to additional problems, such as tooth loss, in the long run.
Dental plaque is a biofilm that naturally forms on the teeth, and it is often caused by colonizing bacteria trying to adhere to the smooth surface of a tooth.
These bacteria may help defend the mouth from the colonization of dangerous germs, but dental plaque can also promote tooth decay and periodontal disorders such as gingivitis and chronic periodontitis.
Plaque can solidify into calculus, or tartar, at the base of the teeth, near the gums, if not cleaned thoroughly. This is yellow in hue, and only a specialist should remove calculus.
Plaque and tartar irritate the gums over time, producing gum inflammation at the base of the teeth. This implies that the gums may bleed easily.
Diagnosis
A dentist or oral hygienist will examine the mouth cavity for signs such as plaque and tartar.
Examining for indications of periodontitis may also be advised. This can be accomplished using X-rays or periodontal probing, which involves measuring pocket depths around a tooth with a tool.
Treatment
Gingivitis can be effectively reversed if diagnosed early and treated promptly and properly.
Treatment includes care from a dental expert as well as follow-up procedures performed at home by the patient.
Dental treatment provided by a professional
Plaque and tartar are cleaned away, and this is referred to as scaling. This can be painful, especially if the tartar buildup is severe or the gums are extremely sensitive.
The dentist will go over the importance of oral hygiene and how to brush and floss properly.
Follow-up appointments, with more regular cleanings, if necessary, may be advised.
Repairing any broken teeth also helps with oral hygiene.
Some dental issues, such as crooked teeth or poorly fitting crowns or bridges, may make it more difficult to eliminate plaque and tartar. They may also cause gum irritation.
At-home care
Brushing teeth twice a day is recommended.
Use an electric toothbrush
Floss at least once every day
A dentist can advise you on what the best brush and mouthwash to use is.
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